C++ Operators
An operator is a symbol that is used to perform certain mathematical or logical manipulations. There are following types of operators in C++ programming language:
- Arithmatic operators
- Relational operators
- Logical operators
- Assignment operators
- Increment and decrement operators
- Conditional operators
- Bitwise operators
- Special operators
Arithmatic Operators
| Operator | Description | Example |
|---|---|---|
| + | Addition | 2+3 = 5 |
| - | Subtraction | 10-5 = 5 |
| * | Multiplication | 2*5 = 10 |
| / | Division | 10/2 = 5 |
| % | Modulus | 11%5 = 1 |
Relational Operators
| Operator | Description | Example |
|---|---|---|
| == | Is equal to | a == b is not true |
| != | Not equal to | a == b is true |
| > | Greater than | a>b is not true |
| < | Less than | a<b is true |
| >= | Greater than or equal to | a>=b is not true |
| <= | Less than or equal to | a<=b is true |
Logical Operators
| Operator | Description | Example |
|---|---|---|
| && | Logical AND | 5==5 && 7==9 is false |
| || | Logical OR | 5==5 || 7==9 is true |
| ! | Logical Not | !(7==9) is true |
Assignment Operators
| Operator | Description | Example |
|---|---|---|
| = | Assign the values from right side operand to the left side operand | a = 5 |
| += | Add the values of right operand to the left operand and assigns the result to the left operand | a += 5 is equivalent to a = a+5 |
| -= | Subtract the values of right operand to the left operand and assigns the result to the left operand | a -= 5 is equivalent to a = a-5 |
| *= | Multiply the values of right operand to the left operand and assigns the result to the left operand | a *= 5 is equivalent to a = a*5 |
| /= | Divide the values of right operand to the left operand and assigns the result to the left operand | a /= 5 is equivalent to a = a/5 |
| %= | Take the modulus value using two operands and assigns the result to the left operand. | a %= 5 is equivalent to a = a%5 |
Increment and decrement Operators
| Operator | Description | Example |
|---|---|---|
| ++ | Increment | a++ (it increases the value of variable a by one) |
| -- | Decrement | a-- (it decreases the value of variable a by one) |
Conditional Operator
| Operator | Description | Example |
|---|---|---|
| ?: | Conditional expression | exp1 ? exp2 : exp3 (where exp1, exp2, exp3 are expressions) |
Bitwise Operators
| Operator | Description | Example |
|---|---|---|
| & | Bitwise AND | 3==5 & 7==9 is false |
| | | Bitwise OR | 3==5 || 7==9 is false |
| ^ | Bitwise XOR | 3==5 ^ 7==9 is false |
| ~ | Bitwise NOT | (~2) = -2 |
| << | Bitwise Left Shift | (10<<2) = 40 |
| >> | Bitwise Right Shift | (10>>2) = 2 |
Special Operators
| Operator | Description |
|---|---|
| ?: | Conditional Operator returns value based on the condition. |
| sizeof() | Returns the size of a variable. |
| * | Pointer to a variable. |
| & | Returns the address of a variable. |
| , | Comma operator. |